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Author Guidelines

Author Guidelines for Manuscript Submission

Authors are advised to read these guidelines carefully and ensure that all submissions conform to the journal's editorial, ethical, and formatting requirements. Manuscripts that fail to comply with these instructions may be returned for technical modification before being considered for peer review.

Scope and Eligibility

The journal publishes original, high-quality, and scientifically rigorous manuscripts that have not been published previously and are not under consideration by any other journal or publisher.

Submitted manuscripts should:

  • Address topics within the aims and scope of the journal.
  • Demonstrate scientific novelty, methodological rigor, and scholarly significance.
  • Present reproducible research supported by appropriate experimental or analytical evidence.
  • Provide meaningful theoretical, methodological, or practical contributions to the discipline.
  • Be written in clear, concise, and grammatically correct English.

The Editorial Office reserves the right to decline manuscripts that fall outside the journal's scope or fail to meet minimum quality standards.

Categories of Manuscripts

The journal accepts submissions under the following categories:

  • Original Research Articles
  • Review Articles
  • Case Studies

Each manuscript category is evaluated according to its scientific merit, originality, and relevance.

Manuscript Preparation

Authors should prepare manuscripts in accordance with internationally accepted scientific writing standards.

Language
  • Manuscripts must be submitted in English.
  • Authors whose first language is not English are encouraged to obtain professional language editing prior to submission.
  • The editorial office may request language revision before initiating peer review.
Title Page

The title page should contain:

  • Concise, informative, and specific manuscript title
  • Running title
  • Full names of all authors
  • Institutional affiliations with complete postal addresses
  • ORCID iDs (recommended)
  • Corresponding author's name
  • Email address
  • Telephone number
  • Institutional address

The corresponding author assumes responsibility for all communication throughout the editorial and publication process.

Abstract

The abstract should provide a comprehensive overview of the study and should not exceed the prescribed word limit of the journal.

A structured abstract is recommended containing:

  • Background
  • Objectives
  • Methodology
  • Results
  • Conclusions

The abstract should:

  • Be self-contained
  • Avoid citations
  • Avoid undefined abbreviations
  • Avoid mathematical equations whenever possible
Keywords

Provide 5–7 keywords that accurately reflect the principal themes of the manuscript.

Keywords should:

  • Not duplicate words appearing in the title
  • Facilitate indexing and discoverability
  • Follow internationally recognized terminology where applicable
Main Manuscript

Unless otherwise specified, manuscripts should be organized using the following structure:

  1. Introduction
  2. Literature Review
  3. Materials and Methods
  4. Experimental Design (where applicable)
  5. Results
  6. Discussion
  7. Conclusions
  8. Declarations
    • Funding Source
    • Acknowledgement
    • Data Availability
    • Authors' Contribution
    • Use of AI and AI-Assisted Technologies
    • Conflict of Interest
    • Copyright Permissions
  9. References

Appropriate section headings and subheadings should be used to improve readability.

Mathematical Expressions, Symbols and Units

Authors should ensure that:

  • Mathematical equations are editable and sequentially numbered.
  • Symbols and notations are defined upon first use.
  • SI Units are used consistently throughout the manuscript.
  • Scientific nomenclature follows internationally accepted standards.

Tables and Figures

Tables and figures should enhance the scientific interpretation of the manuscript.

Tables

  • Must be created using editable table format.
  • Number consecutively using Arabic numerals.
  • Include descriptive titles.
  • Avoid duplication of information presented in the text.

Figures

  • Submit high-resolution images (minimum 300 dpi).
  • Each figure must include an informative caption.
  • Graphs should contain clearly labeled axes with measurement units.
  • Images should not be manipulated in a manner that alters scientific interpretation.

All tables and figures must be cited sequentially within the manuscript.

References and Citation Style

Authors are responsible for ensuring the completeness and accuracy of all references.

References should:

  • Be cited consistently within the text.
  • Follow the citation style prescribed by the journal.
  • Include DOI wherever available.
  • Prefer recent, peer-reviewed literature.
  • Avoid excessive self-citation.

Authors are encouraged to use reference management software such as EndNote, Zotero, Mendeley, or RefWorks to ensure consistency.

Research Ethics and Publication Integrity

The journal adheres to internationally recognized publication ethics and follows the principles established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts:

  • Represent original scholarly work.
  • Do not contain plagiarism or self-plagiarism.
  • Have not been published elsewhere.
  • Are not simultaneously submitted to another journal.
  • Do not contain fabricated or falsified data.
  • Properly acknowledge all sources.
  • Obtain necessary permissions for copyrighted material.

The journal reserves the right to screen all submissions using plagiarism detection software.

Human and Animal Research

For studies involving human participants:

  • Institutional Ethics Committee approval must be obtained.
  • Informed consent must be documented.
  • Patient confidentiality must be maintained.

For animal studies:

  • Approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee must be obtained.
  • Research should comply with internationally accepted ethical standards for animal experimentation.

Ethics approval information should be included within the manuscript.

Authorship Criteria

Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial scholarly contributions to:

  • Conceptualization
  • Methodology
  • Investigation
  • Data acquisition
  • Statistical analysis
  • Interpretation of results
  • Manuscript preparation
  • Critical revision of intellectual content

All authors must approve the final version prior to submission.

Changes in authorship after submission require written approval from all listed authors and the Editor.

Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial, institutional, commercial, or personal relationships that could influence the interpretation of the research.

If no competing interests exist, authors should state:

"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this manuscript."

Funding Information

All sources of financial support should be acknowledged, including:

  • Funding agency
  • Grant number
  • Project title (where applicable)

If no funding was received, authors should clearly indicate this in the manuscript.

Data Availability

Authors are encouraged to provide a Data Availability Statement indicating whether the data supporting the findings are publicly available, available upon reasonable request, or subject to restrictions.

Where possible, datasets should be deposited in recognized public repositories.

Peer Review Process

All submissions undergo a rigorous editorial evaluation followed by a double-blind peer review conducted by independent experts.

Editorial decisions are based upon:

  • Originality
  • Scientific quality
  • Technical accuracy
  • Methodological soundness
  • Ethical compliance
  • Relevance to the journal
  • Reviewer recommendations

Possible editorial decisions include:

  • Accept
  • Minor Revision
  • Major Revision
  • Reject

The Editor-in-Chief retains the final decision regarding publication.

Copyright and Licensing

Upon acceptance, authors will be required to complete the applicable Copyright Transfer Agreement or License to Publish before production commences.

Authors are responsible for securing written permission for the reproduction of copyrighted materials.

Article Retraction and Withdrawal

The journal follows internationally accepted policies regarding article withdrawal, corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

Articles may be withdrawn or retracted in cases involving:

  • Plagiarism
  • Duplicate publication
  • Ethical misconduct
  • Data fabrication or falsification
  • Serious scientific errors

Such actions will be undertaken in accordance with established publication ethics policies.

Final Submission Checklist

Before submission, authors should verify that:

  • The manuscript conforms to the journal's formatting requirements.
  • All authors have approved the submission.
  • Ethical approvals have been obtained where applicable.
  • Conflict of interest and funding statements are included.
  • Figures and tables are correctly numbered and cited.
  • References are complete and accurately formatted.
  • Supplementary materials are uploaded where necessary.
  • The manuscript has been carefully proofread for language, grammar, and technical accuracy.

Failure to comply with these requirements may delay editorial processing.

Article Preparing Template PDF